ІNTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND ITS MACROECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES FOR UKRAINE IN MODERN CONDITIONS

ІNTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND ITS MACROECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES FOR UKRAINE IN MODERN CONDITIONS

Zalyubovska S.S., PhD in Economics, Associate Professor, Department of Management, Marketing and Public Administration of the   National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit

Torlyuk A.R., Master, Higher Educational Institution "University "Ukraine"

Summary. The article substantiates such characteristics of modern migration flows in Ukraine as scale, globality, mobility, intensity and regularity. The key factor of this phenomenon was the invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine. Thus, as of May 1, 2025, 54.45 million departures from Ukraine and 51.57 million entries were recorded, which caused a negative net migration of 2.88 million people. Such large-scale population movements have significant socio-economic and demographic manifestations, which cannot be explained by the general patterns of international migration processes.

International migration is considered as a complex socio-economic and demographic process of movement of the civilian population across state borders, which is caused by military-political, economic, social, demographic, ecological and natural phenomena for the purpose of permanent or temporary residence, employment, ensuring security or realization of other vital needs.

This approach takes into account the relevance of socio-economic and political realities of Ukraine. Classification features and types of international migration are argued and systematized. A graphic interpretation of the structure of international migration is proposed.

The positive macroeconomic consequences are highlighted: the positive impact of monetary income from migrants on the financial stability of the state, its balance of payments, domestic consumption and the social sphere; gaining new experience – increasing the competitiveness of the individual himself and promoting the recovery of the national economy in the post-war period; international humanitarian support.

The negative consequences include: outflow of labor potential and qualified specialists; aggravation of the demographic crisis; high mortality (in 2024, the death rate almost tripled the birth rate), mass emigration and a decrease in the total population; reduction of state revenues; uneven development of territories.

 Key words: international migration, causes and consequences of international migration, full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russia, determinants of emigration in Ukraine, consequences of emigration for the Ukrainian economy